Key Chemicals for Ensuring Stable Operation of Water Systems
Water treatment chemicals are crucial for the safe and efficient operation of industrial production, municipal water supply, and domestic water systems. Based on their functional positioning and application scenarios, they are mainly divided into eight categories. Each type of chemical addresses different water quality problems, collectively constructing a complete water treatment system.
I. Flocculants: “Agglomeration experts” that rapidly coagulate impurities
Their core function is to destabilize and aggregate colloidal particles and suspended solids in water, forming large flocs that facilitate subsequent sedimentation or filtration removal.
Inorganic flocculants: Common examples include polyaluminum chloride (PAC), aluminum sulfate, and ferric chloride. They offer high cost-effectiveness and are suitable for conventional water treatment.
Organic polymeric flocculants: Polyacrylamide (PAM), available in anionic, cationic, and nonionic forms, offers strong flocculation effects and requires low dosage.
Composite flocculants: Composed of PAC and PAM, suitable for treating high-turbidity and highly challenging industrial wastewater.
Application Scenarios: Water purification in municipal waterworks, municipal wastewater treatment, industrial wastewater pretreatment, and pretreatment for reverse osmosis (RO) systems.
II. Scale Inhibitors: “Guardians” Preventing Scale Formation in Equipment
By inhibiting the precipitation of scale-forming ions such as calcium, magnesium, barium, and silicon, they prevent the formation of stubborn scale on equipment or membrane surfaces, ensuring system flow efficiency.
Organophosphonic Acids: Such as HEDP and ATMP, offering long-lasting scale inhibition and good high-temperature resistance.
Polycarboxylic Acids: Such as PAA and AA/AMPS copolymers, providing excellent dispersibility and enhanced environmental friendliness.
Composite Scale Inhibitors: Integrating chelation, dispersion, and threshold effects, suitable for complex water quality scenarios.
Application Scenarios: Reverse osmosis (RO) systems, industrial circulating cooling water, boiler feedwater, and seawater desalination equipment.
III. Corrosion Inhibitors: “Rust Barriers” Protecting Metal Equipment
Forming a dense protective film on the surface of metal equipment, they inhibit electrochemical corrosion and extend equipment lifespan.
Environmentally friendly: Molybdates and tungstates, phosphorus-free and low-toxicity, meeting green water treatment requirements.
Specialized: Organic amines and azoles (e.g., BTA specifically for corrosion inhibition in copper equipment).
Traditional: Phosphates, good corrosion inhibition, but prone to causing eutrophication, their application is gradually being limited.
Application scenarios: Industrial circulating water systems, boiler equipment, central air conditioning pipelines, oilfield reinjection water systems.
IV. Bactericides and Algaecides: “Bactericidal Weapons” for Inhibiting Microbial Growth
Effectively control the reproduction of bacteria, algae, fungi, and other microorganisms in water, preventing biological slime from clogging equipment and biocorrosion.
Oxidizing bactericides: Sodium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, ozone, fast-acting and broad-spectrum bactericidal, but care must be taken to avoid damaging the RO membrane.
Non-oxidizing bactericides: DBNPA, isothiazolinone, glutaraldehyde, membrane-friendly, can be used via shock dosing.
Application Scenarios: Cooling towers, RO system feed water, oilfield water injection, papermaking white water circulation systems.
V. Cleaning Agents: “Cleaning Experts” for Removing Stubborn Scale
Efficiently removes existing inorganic scale, organic residues, biofilms, and other contaminants.
Acidic Cleaning Agents: Citric acid, sulfamic acid, specifically targeting inorganic scale, rust, and other dirt.
Alkaline Cleaning Agents: Sodium hydroxide combined with surfactants, adept at removing oil, organic matter, and biofilms.
Compound Cleaning Agents: Suitable for multiple contaminants and complex scale cleaning scenarios.
Application Scenarios: Chemical cleaning of RO membranes and ultrafiltration membranes; regular descaling and maintenance of heat exchangers and boiler equipment.
VI. Defoamers: “Foam Suppression Masters” for Eliminating Foam Interference
Quickly eliminates or suppresses foam generated during water treatment processes such as agitation and aeration, preventing impact on process efficiency.
Common Types: Silicone-based, polyether-based, high-carbon alcohol polyether-based, mineral oil-based.
Specialized Type: Silicone-free defoamer, suitable for industries sensitive to silicon residues such as electronics, food, and high-end coatings.
Application Scenarios: Biochemical reaction tanks, MBR membrane systems, cleaning tanks, pesticide preparation, and papermaking wastewater treatment.
VII. pH Adjusters: The “Balancing Master” for Calibrating Water Acidity and Alkalinity
By adjusting the pH value of water, it optimizes the effectiveness of subsequent agents or meets the pH standards for wastewater discharge.
Acidic Adjusters: Sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, citric acid, used to neutralize alkaline wastewater or lower the pH value of water.
Alkaline Adjusters: Sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, ammonia, used to neutralize acidic wastewater or raise the pH value of water.
Application Scenarios: Acid-base neutralization reactions, precise pH control of RO influent (preventing calcium carbonate scaling), and wastewater pretreatment to meet discharge standards.
VIII. Specialized Functional Chemicals: Customized Solutions for Specific Water Quality Problems
We offer specialized solutions for specific water quality challenges:
Oxygen Scavengers: Sodium bisulfite, hydrazine, used to remove dissolved oxygen from boiler feedwater and prevent oxygen corrosion.
Heavy Metal Capturers: DTC-based, sodium sulfide, specifically for removing heavy metal ions from electroplating and metallurgical wastewater.
Decolorizing Agents: Dicyandiamide-formaldehyde resin, polyferric sulfate, suitable for decolorizing dyeing and chemical wastewater.
Sludge Conditioners: Cationic PAM, improves sludge dewatering efficiency and reduces sludge treatment costs.
Henan Kexing Water Treatment supplies a full range of water treatment chemicals, covering flocculants (PAC/PAM), reverse osmosis antiscalants, boiler corrosion and scale inhibitors, membrane cleaning agents, defoamers, boiler descaling agents, PCE high-efficiency water-reducing agents, glucose, phosphate series, superabsorbent resins, food-grade sodium polyacrylate, and other core products. We also offer free water quality analysis, small-scale testing, and customized water treatment solutions to help customers achieve efficient, economical, and green water treatment goals.
