When selecting a defoamer, paper mills must consider the pulp type, production process, and application requirements. Common types on the market are as follows:
1. Organic papermaking defoamers: These contain organic compounds such as fatty amides and phosphate esters, like fatty acids and their glycerides. They neutralize foam through charge neutralization and provide long-lasting foam suppression.
2. Silicone papermaking defoamers: These are insoluble in water and difficult to emulsify. Their low surface viscosity interferes with the surface elasticity of the foam film, significantly reducing the surface tension of the pulp and rapidly defoaming and suppressing foam. They are suitable for pulping, mixing, and papermaking processes without affecting paper quality.
3. Polyether papermaking defoamers: These offer strong defoaming and suppression capabilities, are non-toxic, and can significantly reduce the surface tension of the foaming solution, rapidly dispersing foam without causing spotting or shrinkage.
4. High-grade alcohol defoamers: These offer excellent defoaming performance but are costly and resistant to high temperatures and strong alkalis, making them suitable for the high-temperature and high-alkali conditions of papermaking.
5. Silicone-polyether defoamers: These combine the advantages of silicone and polyether, offering wide applicability, environmental safety, and excellent stability.
In addition, defoamers such as kerosene are used in specific or lower-end papermaking processes. When selecting a defoamer, consider not only its effectiveness but also its stability, decomposability, and environmental impact. Environmentally friendly products are preferred.
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